Top 18 Common Childhood Diseases, Conditions And Disorders

common childhood diseases

Updates: 05/13/2024

If you are parents and you have kids, you should pay attention to common childhood diseases, conditions and disorders to help them avoid these diseases. This writing will provide an overview of these illnesses, including typical symptoms and some simple yet effective treatments.

18 Common Childhood Diseases, Conditions And Disorders That Parents Should Know

1. Chickenpox

Chickenpox is one of diseases giving immunity for the rest of our life, which is why just children get this type of disease. A child who gets chickenpox will have red spots, feel itchy and blisters are scattered through the face, arms and legs.

Scientifically, this illness was caused by a kind of virus named varicella zoster virus. It just occurs in children in the first 10 years of life. Parents can use symptomatic treatment to help their kids treat this chickenpox. By identifying symptoms such as itching, red spots, parents can use paracetamol, ibuprofen to reduce their kid’s fever.
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When children get infected with the bacteria, parents should use antibiotics to stop worse chicken pox conditions. Besides, the children should be excluded from other people, especially pregnant women because this condition can cause infection from sneezing or coughing.  common childhood diseases in nigeria

2. Whooping Cough

This cough happens due to a bacterial infection, bacterium Bordetella pertussis which affects the child’s respiratory system.

Whooping cough is featured by nasal discharge fever, long coughing, wheezy breathing, even vomiting. Symptoms are commonly worse through the night. Parents can use antibiotic treatment to help their children recover this cough. Moreover, kids who suffer from whooping cough should stay in an excluded place with fresh air. Notice that kids should not use antibiotic drugs over 5 days.

3. Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease)

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Children get flu-like symptoms due to the infection of the Parvovirus B19. Like chickenpox, erythema infectiosum makes patients have red cheeks, then the red spots spread to different parts of the body such as buttocks, thighs and arms.
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This affection lasts around 14 days and it commonly happens in children of the ages of four to twelve. In fact, there is no cure for this illness, but it normally disappears after a half of the month. Parents should not get worried about this health problem much. It is just a mild illness. There are 2 periods of the erythema infectiosum. Firstly, the incubation period lasts in 1 week; the infectious period lasts in the last days of the second week.

It cannot be treated, but disappears by itself. It is usually quite a mild illness. Pregnant women should not contact with children who get this disease.

4. Roseola Infantum (Three-Day-Fever)

Most children getting Roseola infantum have a high fever through 3 days.

The fever then will drop and they develop a rash, including red spots with tiny heads. These spots spread to the legs and arms; and they last for 12 to14 hours. Then they will be over. It is popularly seen in kids under 3. Similar to other fevers, parents can use some drugs to reduce fever such as Calpol (paracetamol), Junifen (ibuprofen) to reduce kid’s temperature. People can use fluids for avoiding dehydration. The incubation period lasts from 10 to 15 days; children will show symptoms of Three-Day-Fever. In the period of infectiousness, children will suffer from this fever in 2 or 3 days after.

5. Scarlet Fever

This fever is caused by the streptococcus bacterium. Children who suffer from scarlet fever have a sore throat, flushed face and moderate fever. Scarlet fever is featured by allergy problems that appears in the groin or armpits and they spread to different body parts such as neck and torso. The kids also have a strawberry-like tongue and peeled skin. Parents should keep their children at home and do not contact with them. During the incubation period, people take from 3 to 8 days to identify the symptoms and infection of this fever. In the infectious period, the patients just need to use antibiotics in 3 days, then, scarlet fever will disappear.

6. Mouth, Hand And Foot Disease 

At first, people should not get confused these mouth, hand and foot disease in children with a single food-mouth disease that just appear in livestock. common childhood diseases and disordersLike other common childhood diseases I mentioned above, children will have a fever along with sores and blisters on palms, inside mouth and soles of their feet. Some blisters can appear on the kid’s buttocks.

Children have this illness that is caused by various viruses named enteroviruses. American people found another kind of virus causing this disease and called it coxsackievirus A16. Normally, this virus works in the early fall and summer strongly. So, parents should care for their kids in these seasons.
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This health problem cause lots of discomfort but actually it is not a serious disease. It will go away in less than a week or 10 days.

7. Croup

Croup is one of other common childhood diseases. This illness is often caused by a variety of viruses named parainfluenza viruses. Children who get croup will feel cold, heavy cough (barking cough). Different to other fevers and coughs, croup is more serious health problems in children. Many children suffering from croup have to treat this illness in the hospital.

8. RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus)

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RSV is a common childhood disease and it is more common than some seasonal flus. Respiratory syncytial virus causes more health problems for kids than influenza disease does. Most people suffer from RSV at the ages of 2 or 3. The typical symptoms of this disease are fever, flu, cough and runny nose. For babies who are less than one year old, respiratory syncytial virus can cause inflammation, bronchiolitis and pneumonia in their lungs. In fact, there is no effective vaccine to cure RSV permanently. Some drugs just support people to improve health and prevent some symptoms of this disease. To compare with other common childhood diseases, RSV lasts longer for one to two weeks. Parents should have their children had an RSV infection at the right time so that they will be able to be immune to this virus.

9. Reye’s Syndrome

Reye’s syndrome is a very common childhood illness. If children don’t be cured this disease in the right way, they can suffer other serious illnesses till the end of their life. According to doctors, people should not allow children to take a lot aspirin for avoiding stomachache. Scientifically, Reye’s syndrome appears suddenly after an illness like the flu or chickenpox. This syndrome can cause brain swelling, liver problems, even lead to personality changes, radical behavior, and loss of human consciousness, coma and seizures.  

10. Impetigo

This is one of common childhood diseases and disorders that are caused by bacteria. This is considered the third most common skin disease in kids. Impetigo happens in kids at the ages of two to six years. It is contagious and even adults can have this skin problem, too. People will get skin itchiness and sores on various parts of the body. To cure impetigo, people can use different prescription antibiotic drugs that can eliminate impetigo fast. Then, people can avoid scars on skin.

11. Dental Caries 

common childhood diseases pptDental caries or tooth decay is an infection that causes destruction of tissues of kid’s teeth.  Tooth decay is the result of acid production and bacterial production on the surface of teeth. There are various treatments for restoring teeth, but parents should remind their children to prevent their teeth from dental caries.

12. Pinworms

Most people get worms but pinworms often happen in children. Most kids get pinworms from swallowing pinworm’s eggs. The parent should pay attention to their kid’s feelings. If they feel itchiness around the anus, it means that their kids are with pinworms. Moreover, pinworms can cause loss of the children’s appetite, anxiety and restless. During the incubation period, there is no symptom of pinworms. In the next 1 or 2 months, people can check out the area of kid’s anus to look for pinworms and their eggs. Children can take over-the-counter as well as prescription medicines to eliminate pinworm infections.

13. Bed-Wetting

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Many children get bed-wetting. So parents should teach their kids to control this problem for staying dry through a long night. Bed-wetting happens in children at the ages of 5 to 6. Some kids are wet the bed most time per night. Children can get embarrassed but they don’t know how to stop their bed-wetting. Therefore, parents need to find out the root causes of this syndrome in children. According to experts in this field, children can get some nervous problems, hormone growth, even in deep sleep so that they get to bed-wetting. To cure this problem, parents remind their kids to control the bladders. Observe whether their children wet the bed less time or not. Parents can explain to help children understand their problem. Besides, remind kids to avoid drinking too much water at night; go to the toilet before going to bed. In addition, children can use some specific foods to improve the kidney function.

14. Diarrhea

Children always have diarrhea. This is one of the most serious and common childhood diseases and disorders. It is necessary to prevent dehydration in children as soon as possible because children have a weaker immune than adults do. ORSs – Oral rehydration solutions correct dehydration in kids. ORSs consist of salt, potassium, sugar and some other minerals that help children replace their body fluids lost from this health problem. Remember that ORSs just help children prevent their dehydration, but it cannot stop their diarrhea.

15. Atopic Eczema

Atopic eczema is also called atopic dermatitis, a form of eczema. It affects children and continues in the adulthood.

Eczema causes itchy, dry, cracked and red skin. It can be a chronic condition.

Atopic eczema occurs in folds of skin, on the side of neck, inside of elbows, behind knees, around ears or eyes. Atopic eczema symptoms are not easy to notice. In addition, the cause of this condition is unknown.
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It can occur in families and go with hay feer and asthma. There are about 53% of atopic eczema cases are children of 11 to 16 years old.

Read on: 14 Days Eczema Cure

16. Head Lice common childhood diseases with head lice

There are wingless insects that stay in hair, especially in children. They can spread from the hair of an infected head to that of others.

According to scientist, the head lice infestation isn’t a result of poor hair hygiene. It happens as the effect of different types of hair, condition and length.

Head lice survive by feeding on human blood. They take about 6 to complete a full life cycle and become mature head lice.

To prevent the head lice infestation, regularly use comb. Regular hair wash also aids in killing these insects on children’s head.

17. Measles

This is a highly infectious illness in kids, which can lead to serious conditions. Measles develop within 10 days with cold symptoms, sensitivity to the light, red eyes, fever, spot in throat and mouth.

The measles viruses are contained millions of droplets on mouth and nose when the infected person sneezes and coughs.

People can get measles viruses by breathing, by touching and placing hands near mouth and nose. This kind of virus can survive outside for some hours.

Toddlers of 4 years old are easy to get this disease and have the high risk of catching it if they don’t vaccinated. Measles also occurs in adults and affects from the mothers to children and vice versa. Yet, adults usually have better immune system, so they can fight off measles viruses faster than their kids. Vaccination is the best way to prevent measles.

18. Mumps common childhood diseases with mumps

Mum is a kind of viral infection that is common in children of different ages.

It’s recognizable by inflammation and painful swellings at the side of face, under ears. Mumps give an affected person a “hamster face” appearance, with some symptoms like joint pain, high temperatures, headaches and swelling. Mumps actually is a serious condition in school-aged children, teenagers or young adults. MMR vaccine can beat mumps viruses and develop stronger immunity to further infection.

To prevent mumps, toddlers should get anti-mumps vaccine soon. When this condition spreads in your living area, prevent it by washing hands with soap, use tissues when sneezing, avoid school and work for a week.

Nowadays, MMR vaccine is still used to protect human against rubella, measles and mumps, but vaccination is just a part of mumps prevention. When you get this condition, you have to treat it soon in order to get rid of some worse conditions. To release mumps pain and symptoms, use paracetamol, ibuprofen, apply cool or warm compress to the side of face, under ears; yet actually, there is no cure for this condition. Naturally, the infection will pass within 1 to 2 weeks.
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These are 18 common childhood diseases, conditions and disorders that children often get. By getting clearer about these childhood illnesses, parents can help their kids improve health and they will grow normally.

I always welcome all your feedbacks about this article of 18 common childhood diseases, conditions and disorders. Do you see your child get another disease? Tell me and I would like to recommend you proven tips and methods to improve your child’s health.

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